Monday, September 30, 2019

English Oral – Shark Cullings

Shark Culling Each year in Australia, the number of deaths from shark attacks ranges between zero to three deaths. To put this into perspective, more people around the world are killed as a result of falling coconuts or vending machines. Following a small rise in the number of shark attacks In Western Australia over the past two years, the Western Australian Government has legalized the culling of all sharks over three meters long caught on baited drum lines, In an attempt to reduce the risk of fatal shark attacks.The decision has sparked mixed reactions from the public, with a scarce amount purporting the Government's decision. Those who agree feel that the culling will make swimming at the beach a safer, more relaxing experience. On the other hand, those who disagree argue that the Government has made a quick decision without doing their research. They say that we will never completely prevent shark attacks and there are other ways to prevent shark attacks without going on a  "killing spree†. The first image presents a rather horrifying image of a dead shark covered in blood, with it's jaws open showing all of it's teeth.A man is kneeling down beside the shark with one arm appearing to be resting on the shark. The shark is a lot bigger than the man in the photo, this is magnified even more by the man kneeling down. The photographer is positioning the viewer to see the shark as a big, scary monster, and the man to be a hero for killing it†¦ As though killing a shark is something to be proud of. The second photo presents a beautiful scene of healthy green beach shrubbery, with the sand, beach and waves in the background as the water is populated by numerous surfers enjoying the morning waves.Hard to Ignore, however, is the warning sign In the foreground of the Image warning beach-goers of a shark sighting. It could be said that these surfers are Just plain stupid, but it could also be said that they know how small the risk of being attacked by a shark Is, especially when In a group of surfers close to shore. The mall figure In the photo Is the warning sign. It draws viewers attention to the risk that the surfers are taking and the viewer's focal point shifts from the sign to the surfers In confusion. The photographer has positioned the warning sign to be the largest, most obvious WARNING' to all people not to enter the water.However, by the photographer capturing the surfers in the background, viewers are bled to see that the surfers have ‘looked past' the apparently big warning and that the surfers don't see the sharks as big scary monsters to be afraid of. The photographer made the sharks appear to be a minor issue as opposed to an issue that makes the public so fearful of sharks that they're too afraid to enter the water. The third image is perhaps the most powerful image. It presents a photo of a human swimming or diving deep in the ocean, right next to a big shark. The shark looks big, but not in a scary wayâ₠¬ ¦ In quite a majestic and beautiful way.The photographer is positioning viewers to see that the shark is a beautiful creature f the ocean that means no harm to humans. The photographer has captured the blue ocean water in the photo which makes people feel calm and relaxed. This allows viewers to see the diver as relaxed and at ease, and also to see the shark as gentle and calm. In this image viewers are able to see how large the shark is in comparison to the human. Usually people are scared of things larger and greater in size than them, but in this case the person doesn't appear to be scared of the shark. Can't see teeth. Texture is smooth and not rough and scary. Calming.Majestic Light – glow of the light shining through the water which is beautiful and pretty. CONCLUSION Photographers can manipulate viewers to perceive a particular issue in either a negative or positive way. Quite often when pictures are used with articles or stories, the picture supports the story or ar ticle by the tone in the writing and agrees with what is stated. The shark culling topic has many different opinions, either negative, positive or neutral. The photos or images that accompany articles in the newspapers or magazines help to support what the writer is saying by providing the viewers with a biased approach to the issue.

Sunday, September 29, 2019

Organisational Culture Essay

Culture According to Kroeber and Kluckholn (1952) culture consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behaviour acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievement of human groups, including their embodiment in artifacts. Sinha (2000) suggests that â€Å"Culture consists of totality of assumptions, beliefs, values, social systems and institutions, physical artifacts and behaviour of people, reflecting their desire to maintain continuity as well as to adapt to external demands.† Organisational Culture Organisational culture is a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes an organisation from other organisations. Organisational culture is the set of values that helps the organisation’s employees understanding which actions are considered acceptable and which are unacceptable According to Schein, Organisational Culture is defined as A pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration, that has worked well enough to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as a correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems Gareth Morgan has described organizational culture as: â€Å"The set of the set of beliefs, values, and norms, together with symbols like dramatized events and personalities, that represents the unique character of an organization, and provides the context for action in it and by it.† Types of Organizational Culture Organisational culture can vary in a number of ways. It is these variances that differentiate one organisation from the others. Some of the bases of the differentiation are presented below : 1. Strong vs weak culture : Organisational culture can be labelled as strong or weak based on sharedness of the core values among organisational members and the degree of commitment the members have to these core values. The higher the sharedness and commitment, the stronger the culture increases the possibility of behaviour consistency amongst its members, while a weak culture opens avenues for each one of the members showing concerns unique to themselves. 2. Soft vs hard culture : Soft work culture can emerge in an organisation where the organisation pursues multiple and conflicting goals. In a soft culture the employees choose to pursue a few objectives which serve personal or sectional interests. A typical example of soft culture can be found in a number of public sector organisations in India where the management feels constrained to take action against employees to maintain high productivity. The culture is welfare oriented; people are held accountable for their mistakes but are not rewarded for good performance. Consequently, the employees consider work to be less important than personal and social obligations. Sinha (1990) has presented a case study of a public sector fertilizer company which was established in an industrially backward rural area to promote employment generation and industrial activity. Under pressure from local communities and the government, the company succumbed to overstaffing, converting mechanised operations into manual operations, payment of overtime, and poor discipline. This resulted in huge financial losses (up to 60 percent of the capital) to the company. 3. Formal vs informal culture : The work culture of an organisation, to a large extent, is influenced by the formal components of organisational culture. Roles, responsibilities, accountability, rules and regulations are components of formal culture. They set the expectations that the organisation has from every member and indicates the consequences if these expectations are not fulfilled. Mechanistic and organic cultures: The most important aspects of organisation in public sector companies include hierarchies, supervision, control, formalisation, flow of authority and communication from top to bottom, etc., rather than the results or outcome. Organisations with these characters are termed as mechanistic organisations. They follow status quo strategy and therefore resist innovation and aggressiveness on the part of employees. These organisations also lack customer-orientation and employee welfare. Tata Infotech, on the other hand, is more flexible and open. Jobs and roles are not defined rigidly and employees are given freedom to adjust themselves to the environmental requirement. Concern is more towards the outcome and results, but not the procedure or hierarchy. Communication in this company is more multi-directional. The informal communication is widely used. Decision-making is more decentralized. People with the ability to handle problems are given freedom to assume authority and responsibility. This company is a continuous learning organisation from the environment and such companies are termed as organic structures.† The mechanic culture de-motivates the competent people and leads to negative organisational culture and while the organic culture motivate the able employees to be competitive and innovative. Authoritarian and participative cultures: Authority to make the decisions is centralised at the top management level in Nagarjuna Fertilisers Limited. Consequently, the CEO of the company makes the decisions and informs them to the lower levels in the organisation. Such culture of concentration of authority and power at the central level is called authoritarian culture. Such a culture kills the initiative and innovativeness of the employees at different levels. In contrast, Cybertech Systems and Software decentralises the power and authority decision-making. In fact, employees are involved in decision-making. Communication flows not only from the top to bottom but also from the bottom to the top. Such type of culture is called participative culture. Participative culture encourages the employees to be innovative, aggressive and to take risks. Features of Organisational Culture The analysis of the above definitions indicate the following features of organisational culture Innovation and risk taking: ‘Innovation is the way of life in Microsoft.’ Innovation the key characteristic of Gillette Company.’ Companies encourage the employees to innovative and risk takers at different degrees. Attention to detail: ‘Employees in the Boston Consultancy Group are expected to be precise, analytical and pay attention to even the minor details.’ Thus, organisations require their employees to be precise, analytical and pay attention to the minute details at different degrees. Outcome orientation: ‘Coromandal Cements expects its employees to improve their performance at least by 5% every year irrespective of the approaches they follow.’ Thus the organisations require their employees to pay attention or the results. Pople Orientation: Hewlett and Packard announced one day unpaid holiday for every nine working days and avoided lay-off.’ Thus, the organisations take the effect its decisions on the employees.ei Team orientation: â€Å"Global Solutions repeats: â€Å"We Work.† It does mean that activities are designed around teams but not individuals. Thus, we today find team jobs rather than individual jobs. Aggressiveness: The employees of State Bank of India were not allowed to be aggressive whereas the employees of IDBI Bank are expected to be aggressive and competitive. Thus, aggressiveness is the level to which the employees are expected to be competitive rather than easygoing. Stability: Most of the Indian Universities still have the status quo strategy of maintaining the traditional values and beliefs of ‘Guru and Shishya’ parampara of Gurukulas Radical change: In contrast to the stability strategy, most of the organisations after 1991 have the growth, diversification and conglomerate diversification strategies. It is the degree at which the organisational activities emphasise growth and diversification Customer Orientation: Pizza Huts build relationship with the customers and then adapt aggressive marketing strategies. It is the degree to which the management decisions take into considerations the effect of outcomes on customers of the organization. indicates the consequences if these expectations are not fulfilled. Table 1.1 presents some of the components of formal culture and their implication for organisations.

Friday, September 27, 2019

Research Articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research Articles - Essay Example Qualitative evaluation based on ethnographic method at two suburban high schools. The setting for the study is two suburban school (Gance-Cleveland 2004 p.380). Children are persuaded to share the details of the problems in the family in a trusting and supportive environment and by creating a less stigmatizing and more positive environment for the participants. The research was approved by IRB (Institutional review board) and prior permission was obtained from cofacilitators, administrators and students for each interview. The anonymity of the participant was safeguarded in theoretical sampling in focus groups through by using code numbers in the data (Gance-Cleveland 2004 p.382). Patients were reviewed from an academic health center. Inclusion criteria are used with a face to face interview prior to the hospitalization and the measurement of pain through various methods preoperatively and post operatively (Ridge & Goodson 2000 p.71). The sample size constituted various numbers of participants for each study. The size of the sample seems to be adequate considering the age and probability of the hip replacement surgery. The study was conducted in an academic health centre ((Ridge & Goodson 2000 p.72). Five data collection instruments were used. They are Functional Status Index, Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale, Health Assessment Questionnaire, Sickness Impact Profile and Index of Well Being. The data was collected once before the surgery and twice after the surgery (Ridge & Goodson 2000 p.72) The ethical rights of the patients was safeguarded during the research since it is evident that patients were not forced to participate and even participants who dropped during the course of the research were not included in the final analysis ((Ridge & Goodson 2000 p.74). The research was conducted in a written format through the selection of statements in outcome measurement instrument that reduces the changes of bias in the data. The sampling

The Hotel Human Resource Department Research Paper

The Hotel Human Resource Department - Research Paper Example From this research it is clear that labor costs need to be matched with production and individual employee output by maintaining efficiency among employees and the value they add to the organizations. The department responsible for managing the human resource therefore needs to ensure that it streamlines labor costs and output. Human resources managers have the mandate of controlling service provision to customers, as well as the whole feeling of an entire hotel through its labor force. Labor costs in the hotel industry have been significantly high, considering the fluctuations in customer needs. The human resource functions seek to develop effective and appropriate measures to control labor costs through gathering the necessary information. Human resource decision-making therefore relies on the reporting and accumulation of relevant information about labor costs, which are necessary for productivity. However, assessment of labor costs and productivity need to include both qualitativ e and quantitative information. With regards to quantitative terms such as customer to labor ratios, the human resource managers may have an insight of lower payroll overheads in case the number of customers served per unit labor is increasing. Higher customer per labor ratio may be an indication that more labor is essential if service provision efficiencies are to be provided. Quantitative aspects are critical in assisting human resource managers to strike a balance and even an improvement between labor costs incurred and output. However, qualitative measures are also equally important and need to place much emphasis, since this may negate the quantitative benefits. Quantitative insights of labor costs and their output can be generally arrived at by using common sense, observing employee customer relations, and asking questions to customers. Poor quality services from the labor force are equally harmful to an organization’s profitability, where the organization loses clients to its competitors due to customers’ dissatisfaction from poor quality services. It is important to note that customer dissatisfaction may not only arise from employee job dissatisfaction and turnover, but also from more complex points of view that includes needs, fears, and feelings of employees. Hotels often place much emphasis on retention of employees to solve quantitative problems. The needs of employees need to be given much appreciation and respect, if customer satisfaction is to be achieved, rather than just retaining employees who are unable to keep up with qualitative considerations. Managerial staff should seek to establish effective and efficient communication to subordinates through the human resource department, which best understands the complexities involved between employees and their work performance. Employees should be well conversant with organization’

Thursday, September 26, 2019

Org behavior 3 leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Org behavior 3 leadership - Essay Example The personal leadership model+300 9 13 3.2. Abilities+400 13 3.3. Personality+400 16 3.4. Values+500 18 3.5. The discussion desired effective theory of leadership+500 20 References 23 Bibliography 24 Introduction This process must include a structured procedure for self-assessment and development of necessary criteria like mission, value, ideals, goals etc. This paper will attempt to present a systematic procedure for encouraging the leadership qualities. In order to meet this objective, this paper is primarily divided into three sections. The first section will deal with the self assessment as it is necessary to identify and analyse the potential of being a successful leader. It is also important for taking necessary actions for the areas of improvements. The second section includes the development of necessary goal, mission, values etc, and these factors are very crucial as it paves the way for nurturing the leadership quality. In fact, this section creates a necessary basis for en couraging leadership quality through proper direction. The third section will present necessary theoretical backgrounds which are essential for shaping leadership qualities. This section will also focus on the development of personal leadership models and development of other leadership traits like personality, values, abilities etc. Finally, the entire discussion will be summed up in the conclusion. 1. Awareness and Insight through Self-Assessment To support the necessity of self-awareness for leadership development, Rothstein and Burke have commented that â€Å"self-awareness provides a basis for introspection, choice, priority setting, change and development† (Rothstein and Burke, 2010, p.5). The following self-assessment exercise have framed on the basis of five major areas that includes leadership potentials, self confidence, leadership skills, communication apprehension and creative personality. 1.1. Your leadership potential In regards to assessment relating to readine ss it is observed that I have scored 6 which in turn signify a moderate to higher readiness. Our supervisors thus tried to explain the aspects of the work to us to help enhance our abilities to be more ready with the task assigned (Leadership, n.d., p.3; Bowerman & Wart, 2011, p.121). The dimensions of participative and stewardship reflect an above average score of three and this shows that our supervisors not only helped work in a participative work environment but also worked as the protector of the resources both human and technological in regards to the organization (Nolan, 1998, p.1). This data shows that our supervisors avoided showing an authoritative position and also were not the blind followers of the works of the subordinates (Waddell, 2006, p.2). 1.2. Your self-confidence In terms of my character I am a hard working and confident individual who desires to be self reliant in achieving the goals set or entrusted upon me by my superiors. This personality trait also helps my superiors to better depend on me for achieving tasks of advanced level. In respect to the assessment made the scores obtained in each of the different parameters reflect a problem in my character where I reflect getting a jerk in respect to the rising of some unexpected event which may be adverse in nature. 1.3. Your team leadership skills This assessment exercise is also very useful in understanding the leadership orientation of the leadership type. The test for this sell-assessment exerci

Wednesday, September 25, 2019

Information based decision making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Information based decision making - Assignment Example Again, to retain the competitive position in the market, companies have to analyse the strategy used by its competitors and thus respective changes should be made in ones business strategy. With growing inter-relation in all these factors, the decision making process is getting complex day by day. In the contemporary business environment, the management is hardly left with time to conduct an in-depth analysis while making a decision. Therefore, the management prefer to use an information based decision making model. These models make the process of decision making more systematic and transparent. One may argue that such information based methods of decision making requires a lot of managerial time and effort. However, in the era of information technology one can easily extract required data from the central database and using the computer, complex calculations can be done within fraction of minutes. On the contrary, management can also determine beforehand all the possible negative c onsequences if the decision taken proves at any point of time. In the below give section, information based decision making concept as well as some of the commonly used models will be discussed in-depth. Nature of data and information The success of an information based decision making process highly depends on the quality as well as on the authenticity of the data used. Therefore, while developing the decision based information model, attention should be devoted towards nature of data and information to be used. Generally, while deciding about the nature, one should understand the core reason for which the data will be used. It means the nature of data should be finalised after considering the final use of the result derived from it. For example, if a company is developing an information based decision making process for its new project, then it will prefer to collected financial information to check the cost incurred in the production process. Again, quantitative as well as qualit ative data regarding the operational activities will be collected and used to analyse progress of the project. There are certain other factors that need to be ascertained while finalising the nature of data. The team that developers the decision making model should be conscious about authenticity and reliability of the data. A small little alteration in the data can disturb whole of the decision making process. For example, if the data regarding number of units sold in a particular region gets distorted (either willingly or unwillingly), it will effect whole of the marketing decision making model. Considering the wrong data about the sales figure, the marketing manager will provide a misguiding sales forecast for the next month. On the basis of this wrong forecast, the production department will set its schedule and it will pass this information to the purchase department to supply the required material. As a result the schedule of the purchase department will also get disturbed. In general, whole of the monthly schedule of the organisation will get disturbed and

Tuesday, September 24, 2019

Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Religion - Essay Example Past societal experiences are believed to have a great impact on various religions. The readings also share a common idea that their pioneers and the societal culture have influenced different religions’. The readings explain that there are some things that are shared amongst different religions such as negative things that should be avoided by the followers. The readings also show that every religion has their devotees who strongly believe in the doctrine and overall teachings of that religion. However, there are common ideas shared amongst religions including the concern about life and death and the reverencing of God. The readings further admit that issues to do with religions are very tough to handle and may be a bit confusing. Religion plays a significant role when it comes to peaceful coexistence because most of the conflicts and world struggle originate from 9/11. Christianity tends to remain as the dominant religion in both readings. The readings tend to look at the aspect of religion in different styles by giving it a unique approach. They offer an understanding of the religion in various perspectives by relying on different sources and prior knowledge. The readings also reveal various things that guide different religious beliefs. The second Vatican Council defines religion as a group of people gathered for a common goal of getting answers to the unresolved human riddles and shares a common destiny, God. The council believes that acquiring answers to the unresolved life puzzles such as what happens when one is dead can only be answered by religion. Religions are the path through which the world attempts to overcome the restlessness of peoples’ hearts by outlining a program of life covering doctrine and sacred rites with high regard for the manner of life and conduct. Prothero highlights eight rival religions that rule the world and believes that religion

Monday, September 23, 2019

Fire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fire - Essay Example These aspects will include appropriation, crowding, privacy, territoriality, and personal space. A hospital setting needs to be spacious to allow patients to feel well accommodated and enhance visiting process by their friends and relatives. People in hospitals need personal space to feel at home. According to Sommer, personal space means an emotionally tinged zone around the human body that people feel they own it. The zone varies according to internal states, culture, and context (Sommer, 2002). There is need to design a cubical for each patient to give them enough personal space. In case of a fire originating form one of the cubicles, it is easier to contain it, control it, and put it off before it spreads to other cubicles. This is unlike a situation where many patients share same room. A territory is another aspect of human interaction with the environment. According to Griffon, territoriality is a pattern of behaviour or attitudes held by a person attempting to control a physical space by marking, personalisation, defence, or physical occupation (Brown, 2005). In a hospital setting, persons will tend to defend their territories for a period of time they will be in the hospital. It will vary by characters of person’s gender, and age. Therefore, designing places that people of differing characters can call their own when in the hospital will allow nurses to give them care in a convenient setup. However, it is necessary to take care not to put lockable doors on the cubicles. In case of fire, it is easy to remove curtains on the doors and evacuate patients through it other than breaking in if there was a door. Every human being needs privacy, which include access to self and one’s group. In a hospital setting, patients, nurses, and visitors need privacy as they attend to each other. Nurses need a quiet workplace with social places where they can connect to each other outside work. Additionally,

Sunday, September 22, 2019

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Example for Free

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay Charles Darwin once said that, â€Å"A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life.† In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Sir Gawain is an honest and chivalrous knight, as seen in his pentangle, â€Å"The fifth five I find the famous man practiced Were – Liberality and Lovingkindness leading the rest; Then his Continence and Courtesy, which were never corrupted; And Piety, the surpassing virtue† (Gawain, 651-654). Sir Gawain’s chivalrous character seems superficial and wasted to some individuals because it means he cannot live a fulfilled life. In the words of Darwin, this would mean that Sir Gawain does not understand what the value of life is. Certain green objects, such as the green girdle, the Green Knight’s accoutrement, and the Green Chapel, represent the quest of truth in Gawain’s character and the understanding of the value of life, which is the ability to learn from mistakes and continuously grow as life goes on. The story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight begins with a mythical creature, the Green Knight, interrupting a New Year’s feast in King Arthur’s court. We can see that this green knight is the symbol for corruption and dangerousness, in comparison to the symbolism of Arthur’s court, including Sir Gawain, being orderliness and safety. He is clothed in all green garments, â€Å"And garments of green girt the fellow about—A two-third length tunic, tight at the waist† (Gawain, 151-152). The green in his appearance is the symbol for evil because he becomes the adversary of Sir Gawain, the one who challenges Gawain’s morality. The Green Knight’s weapons are also decorated in green, â€Å"The head of that axe was an ell-rod long. Of green hammered gold and steel was the socket, And the blade was burnished bright, with a broad edge† (Gawain, 211-212). The abundance of the color of green is important because it represents Gawain’s instability and uncertainty. The Green Knight uses the weapons to take three blows at Sir Gawain, but Gawain flinches before he is able to strike him. The creature leaves a scar Gawain’s neck when they finally clash; the wound is symbolic for the deterioration of Gawain’s knighthood. Sir Gawain was a person full of virtue and believed in the goodness of the world, as the poet describes him as â€Å"like gold well refined, He was devoid of all villainy, every virtue displaying In the field† (Gawain 633-635). He is called up to fight this  Green Knight. Before he starts his quest to encounter the knight, he is welcomed as a guest at Lord Bertilak’s castle to stay and rest easily for a couple of days. As a knight of King Arthur’s court, the Lord expects Gawain to be courteous and do whatever action the Lady performs on Gawain to the Lord himself. While the Lord is out hunting deer, boars, and foxes in the forest, the Lady sneaks into Gawain’s bedroom, closes the door shut, and attempts to seduce him like how her husband is hunting the animals. Following the code of the knights, Gawain tries to politely push the Lady away by dancing around the conversation and letting her down easy as he says, â€Å"‘Indeed, dear lady, you did better,’ said the knight, And solemnly as your servant say you are my sovereign. May Christ requite it you: I have become your knight’† (Gawain, 1276-1278). The knightliness forbids Gawain from growing as a person because chivalry is all he follows. When the Lady doesn’t get what she wants, she decides to takes another approach and challenges Gawain’s knighthood with a gift of the green girdle that contains magical powers such as immortality. Gawain finally commits an error by taking this gift from the Lady; the green girdle gives a hint at Gawain’s instability and uncertainty to be an honest knight. He is supposed to do what the Lady does to him back to the Lord, which means that Gawain is expected to give this girdle back to the Lord. Instead, Gawain ends up not doing so and tries to avoid telling the Lord what happened while he was out hunting animals. By sinning, Gawain loses all his virtues as a knight and finally begins to learn the value of life. The other prominent green object in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the green chapel, where Sir Gawain and the Green Knight were supposed to meet for battle. His guide warns Gawain that no one has successfully defeated the mythical creature before. This doesn’t change his decision to fight the green knight. When Gawain finally reaches the Green Chapel, it is described as chaotic just like when the Green Knight interrupts King Arthur’s court. The poet describes it by saying, â€Å"It had a hole in each end and on either side, And was overgrown by grass in great patches. All hollow it was within, only an old cavern† (Gawain, 2180-2184). It outlines the true messiness and disorderliness of the place in great detail. The poet also describes the chapel’s satanic characteristics when he says, â€Å"‘O God, is the Chapel Green This mound?’ said the noble knight. ‘At such might Satan be seen Saying matins at midnight’†Ã‚  (Gawain, 2187-2189). These corruptive characteristics of the Green Chapel foreshadow the outcome of the duel between Gawain and the Green Knight. When the two of them finally encounter each other at the Green Chapel, the Green Knight claims that Gawain isn’t acting like himself, â€Å"‘You’re not Gawain,’ said the gallant, ‘whose greatness is such That by hill or hollow no army ever frightened him; For now you flinch for fear before you feel harm† (Gawain, 2270-2272). With his unique weapons, the Green Knight strikes three blows at Gawain, but only one of them has any impact on him. This scar on his neck is an example of Memento Mori, a keepsake that helps Gawain remember his mortality and ability to commit human error. Sir Gawain learns the true value of life through a convoluted process. He is no longer the chivalrous knight that he originally was because he makes the mistake of not telling Lord Bertilak, who turns out to be the corrupted Green Knight in disguise, about the gift of the magical green girdle. The Lord eventually finds out because he is actually testing Gawain’s ability to be a true knight. As a consequence of his lie, Gawain ultimately loses his perfectness and virtues. In the denouement of the poem, Gawain continues to wear the green girdle in Arthur’s court also as a Memento Mori, as a reminder of his mistake of lying, which signifies that he is finally learning from it and progressing altogether as a person.

Saturday, September 21, 2019

British Airways Essay Example for Free

British Airways Essay In 1987, British Airways was privatised, and over the next decade turned from a loss-making nationalised company into The Worlds Favourite Airline a market-leading and very profitable plc. The strategy that transformed the company into a marketing-led and efficient operation was conceived and implemented by Lord King as Chairman, aided by Sir Colin (subsequently Lord) Marshall: two tough businessmen who confronted staff inefficiencies and so improved service effectiveness that BA was rated international business travellers favourite airline for several years in the 1990s. Lord King having retired, Lord Marshall became Chairman and was succeeded as Chief Executive by Bob Ayling, a long-time BA manager. Ayling set in train a strategy to turn BA into a global airline transcending the flag-carrier status (the role of a nations leading airline) it shared with Air France, Lufthansa, Swissair, Alitalia, Iberia into an airline with no national home operating throughout the world. The dropping of the overtly British heritage and associations was reflected in a changed brand strategy. Away went aeroplane liveries featuring the Union flag, to be replaced by tailfins bearing themed designs from around the world. This was to address the global traveller a savvy (mainly business) customer whose criteria for purchase were service levels, range of destinations, promptness not price. But the re-branding became a debacle. Customers, staff, alliance partners, shareholders and retailers (travel agents) all liked the British heritage and imagery and rebelled against the turn to an anonymous, characterless new style. Ayling also focused on cost-reduction programmes which antagonised and demotivated BAs staff and customers noticed the deterioration in behaviour of staff whose commitment to customer service suddenly plummeted. The upshot was that Ayling was ousted in a boardroom coup in March 2000. During his reign, a loss of 244m in the year to March 31 2000 the first since privatisation was recorded and the groups market value had fallen  by half. A New Face. In May 2000, Rod Eddington joined BA as Chief Executive. He was previously Managing Directory of Cathay Pacific and Executive Chairman of Ansett, an Australian airline. Eddingtons immediate actions were designed to restore profitability to BAs operations and to restore the Union Flag to BAs planes! He set about reducing the fleet, moving to smaller aircraft, cutting clearly unprofitable routes. He also targeted high-yield customers, the traditional mainstay segment for BA. Matching supply with demand was the overall concern, to restore positive cash flow. Strategically, BAs longtime search for a merger partner was resumed. A link with American Airlines, the first choice partner, was out of the question after US regulatory authorities squashed the idea. A proposed merger with KLM, the Dutch flag carrier, was discussed in some depth, but that foundered on doubts over the long-term financial benefits, and arguments over the relative shares each airline would have in the merged company. Low-Cost Airlines. Meanwhile, the airline industry was undergoing a seismic shift with the rise of low-cost no frills airlines. Ryanair and easyJet had, at first, demonstrated the existence of a new market for cheap airline travel which had not been tapped by traditional airlines. But then they began to expand and to compete for passengers that normally would have gone to BA even business class customers couldnt see the reason to pay  £100 for breakfast (the difference in price between BA and easyJet between London and Edinburgh.) BAs response (under Bob Ayling) was to form GO as a direct response to the no-frills competitor. Operating out of Stansted airport, GO was operated entirely separately from BA, so none of the high-cost culture was inherited. Launched in the face of vociferous opposition from easyJet, GO nevertheless established itself in the market though at what cost, no-one could guess. Rod Eddington soon decided that his focus on premium customers made GOs operations inconsistent with that of BA as a whole. GO was sold in May 2001 for  £100m to 3i, a UK venture capital and private equity group. GO was subsequently sold on to easy Jet for 375m. However, the driving of aggressive strategies from budget airlines is still forcing flag-carriers to re-assess their business models. The Outcome. For the year ended March 2001, Eddingtons steps had yielded a quadrupling of operating profits. Market share on key routes had been lost as cuts in fleet and routes bit, but BA believed it had lost customers who paid deeply-discounted fares. BA continued its vigorous pursuit of high-yield passengers. September 11th. So, all seemed to be going well. The brand was being restored, financial performance was improving and the only real problem was lack of progress on forming a partnership with a US carrier, prevented by the regulators. Then came September 11th, and the airline market fell apart. The consequences were swift passenger numbers fell 28%, US airports were closed for a week, Swissair, Sabena, US Airlines and nearly, Aer Lingus, went bust. Alitalia lost 570m, Lufthansa 400m. Altogether the industry lost 7bn and shed 120,000 jobs 13,000 at BA and passenger numbers are still running at 13% below normal on transatlantic routes. In contrast, passenger numbers and financial results at low-cost carriers easyJet and Ryanair were rising impressively. Then came Sars, the Iraq war and the continuing sluggishness of the world economy, all deeply damaging to passenger numbers. Strategy at BA was thrown into disarray. Current Strategy. With the travel market is still subject to global economic and political uncertainty, BA has repeated its forecasts for lower revenues. However, the fundamentals of this business are stronger than they have been for four or five years John Rishton, Finance Director, says BA is generating cash, and is conserving that cash. (FT and D.Tel. 6.11.02). The operational imperatives to cope with the turbulent environment are expressed in BAs Future Size and Shape initiative which is intended to: Achieve significant cost reductions. Originally targeted at 650m, the cost savings are now expected to save an annualised  £1.1bn over 3 years (FT 19.3.03). Simplified operations and minimal overheads is the aim. Cut capacity, to match supply of aircraft and flights to the reduced demand. Cut staffing levels. A further 3,000 job cuts planned for March 2004 have been brought forward to September 2003. Change BAs business model. Aware that no-frills competition is not going to go away, but that BA possesses a positive service heritage, BA wants to create an offering that combines the best bits of BA and the no-frills model. Martin George, BAs director of marketing and commercial development, explains our customers like the BA product convenient airports, high frequency, good level of service but want it at the right price, and thats what well give them. Its about changing our business model to allow us to compete profitably (Management Today, September 2000). Rationalise BAs internal UK and short-haul business CitiExpress has been formed from the activities of subsidiaries Brymon, BRAL, Manx and BA Regional. To stem heavy losses on this short-haul network, some rationalisation has been done it has pulled out of Cardiff and Leeds-Bradford airports, and will cut its current fleet from 82 to 50 all-jet planes by end-2005. However, it is expanding operations from Manchester, and from London City airport to Paris and Frankfurt. (FT 18.12.02). It is recognised that BA started to take the bitter medicine of cost cuts and restructuring earlier and in bigger doses than rivals in Europe and North America, and that Rod Eddington has pushed through changes that were long overdue. But is this enough? can BA wrest back the short haul market from easyJet and Ryanair, while maintaining its position in the longhaul market Strike! In July 2003, just at the start of the busy holiday season, BA was hit by an unofficial strike by Heathrow check-in and sales staff who were objecting to a hasty introduction of a swipe-card automatic clocking system. 500 flights were cancelled, affecting 100,000 passengers. The damage to BAs service reputation was enormous. Both management and union leaders were taken by surprise, and it brought to a head the existence of restrictive practices going back 40 or 50 years which both sides have to confront. Performance. Results for the year ending 31st March 2003 showed a pretax profit of 135 on turnover down 7.8% to  £7.69bn, up from a loss of 335 in the year to March 2002. The results included a charge of 84m for the planned ending of Concorde flights in October, and a fourth-quarter loss (January to March) of 200m. These positive results were entirely down to cost reduction. No  dividend was paid a consequence of the need to conserve cash. Operating margin at 3.8% is way below Eddingtons target of 10%. (D.Tel, 20.5.03, FT, 21.5.03). In the first quarter of the 2003-04 year, a pretax loss of  £45m was incurred the effect of the Heathrow strike was put at 30-40m. The business environment. However, Rod Eddington sees the furure business environment as very hard to read, but expects it to get tougher. 2003-04 was meant, according to analysts, to be BAs year of recovery, but it is not now expected to happen. (DTel, 11.2.03) A critical development is the start of talks between the EU and the USA to dismantle the web of regulations that have controlled the development of international aviation since the mid-1940s. Eddington, as chairman of the Association of European Airlines, insists that truly global airlines are impossible in the current regulatory environment. If it were left to the market, international airlines would undoubtedly follow in the footsteps of other industries and would seek the benefits of scale and scope that are currently denied them. A truly global airline..would be free to operate wherever its customers demanded, free to grow organically or through acquisition and free to charge whatever the market would bear. These talks are likely to be very long. However, it potentially offers the opportunity for an opening of the two biggest airline markets and lead to substantial consolidation of participants. (FT, 29.9.03). The takeover of KLM, the Dutch flag carrier, by Air France, may be the precursor to the consolidation expected. BA sees no threat from what is now Europes largest airline. D.Tel, 1.01.03).

Friday, September 20, 2019

Development of TV Pilot Promotion

Development of TV Pilot Promotion Alexander Kjellstad Media Evaluation Pre-Production My task is to create a script of a pilot episode of a new television programme, and also create a double-page spread promoting this pilot. My script must follow the same technical aspects of those seen in professional ones, so for this I am going to use the BBC script template for a drama. First of all, after doing a large amount of research into genre, I have chosen the genre of ‘crime-drama’. For this, I will study other scripts that are already in existence. The scripts I will be looking into will only be ones of the crime-drama genres. Doing this research is going to extend my understanding of what is expected in my script. As my crime-drama is British, I will be studying scripts produced the UK. Some of these include the series ‘Prime Suspect’ and ‘Mid-Summer Murders’. I am going to read scripts from CSI New York (see figure 1) and True Detective to further increase my knowledge of narrative structures within this genre, even though this is not what I will be basing my script on. From my research I developed a list of the layout that is similar within each script: Title Subheadings Scene Action Character Names CUT TO, MIX TO, FADE TO etc. For my genre, I have chosen a crime-drama, this is the most suitable places to be to keep the tension alive, and it would have to be dark, murky places that would chill viewers. The scenes in my script usually take place at night. ‘Prime Suspect’ contains most scenes in the police office at night and also dark bars/ nightclubs etc. For ideas for settings in my script, I researched into other scripts already in existence and similar to my pilot. I ended up deciding in a big city, because there’s always a hidden enigma in a big city and also the idea that everyone has secrets, and that criminals have many places to hide in big cities. It seemed like a good setting for crime-drama, although it is a similar setting to many crime-dramas already in existence. I wanted my whole narrative to be based around ‘Barthes’ theory of narratives. This would suit my pilot perfectly because it’s all about enigmas and having the audience attracted to watch the show to find out the secrets of the characters, and what they contribute to the show. Within the programme ‘CSI New York’ there is many sub-stories in each episode. The show usually keeps the story of a murder and detectives trying to figure out who the culprit is, yet there is also a story just for the viewer to see, usually being the back story of different people who could be the ones who committed the murders. This gives a sense of edge over the detectives, leaving the viewer’s guessing and hinting towards who the murderer is. Bearing in mind, there are many characters who share similarities in the office in CSI. I want my pilot to be like this, with all the characters interlocked in some form, whether working together, married, friends, or even murder ers and their victims. This ended up in the idea that interweaving narratives, where characters have something in common to add to the storyline, and end up in the same situation together as the other characters. This idea for interweaving narratives seemed like a good idea for my pilot, as it would add more effect to the situation that’s happening, and build up the suspense more. True Detective is a very popular television programme in America. To keep the same effect and enigmas as this series has, whilst still keeping a hint of something new and refreshing for the audience to experience. To take a new turn where the audience can guess the culprit, and instead keep them guessing until it is revealed. I have watched a few of the first episodes of ‘True Detective’ (as referenced in figure 2). However, I didn’t want my pilot to be similar and repetitive like some shows in existence already, therefore I am going to use a similar setting, however give it a new story and characters that would appeal to this TV show. To create my characters I am going to use Propp’s Character Theory, this is where the narrative has seven particular roles for characters within it. These roles would be the antagonist, protagonist, the dispatcher, the helper, the donor, a princess and a false hero. In my pilot there aren’t enough characters to cover a ll of these, so I am just applying these roles to a few characters. My main source for creating my script and making it look professional was to use the BBC template (as shown in figure 3 on the right). However I found other sources that would be useful helping me word and lay-out my script. After looking online for other script templates and researching into crime-drama script templates, I have decided to use the BBC template as it is easy to use, and applies to any genre. The BBC template was my primary help as it showed me how to make it professional. At the start of the project, I had to decide whether to keep the perspective behind one main character, or use perspectives of many different characters that are in similar positions. After watching True Detective, I decided to keep a main perspective (my main character) and also have some other small perspectives for a few other characters. Evaluation For my double page spread, I wanted something that would attract an audience immediately as they see it so I decided on a large, centred image. The close-up in the centre of the pages that takes up nearly all the space was my main attraction, because it creates an illusion that there is a different person on each page. I wanted this effect so I centred the photo in the middle of the two pages so when it folded over it would be exactly at the fold. As for the text, I wanted only one small area of text, placed in the bottom left corner because this would leave room for the central image which I wanted to be my central focus. I looked online for more double page spreads for a crime series. The college provided a few page spreads which I liked the style of so I changed the colour scheme to what I thought would look good (yellow, red and black.) I used these because the connotations behind these include romance for red (for my interweaving narratives of the story of love), and also danger for red. For yellow, the connotations include police tape and warning signs etc. The colour scheme suited the crime drama due to the connotations the audiences would get of danger and crime scenes and mystery from the dark colours, red black etc. I used a close up shot on my double page spread because I thought it would be effective on the viewer, as they would like to figure out who the man on the cover is. The effect I wanted to have on the audience was to create mystery in the character. I also got the idea of the close up menacing face from the wolverine poster I found on Google images. I thought the close up would be effective as well as the face split half and half to show my two characters inside one person. Perhaps the readers would like to know why it is split, and read the text and find they interested in watching the show. The close up of characters on poster creates tension. In my project I used many pictures in my double page spread, because I had many pictures to choose from, so I decided to make a police-style pin board, however when I did this I had the problem of not having space for it, I didn’t know where to place this large image. My background was originally meant to be a crime scene (as you can see on the image on the right, figure 4), but the problem with this is that the pin board didn’t look like it was meant to be there, however I wanted to keep it because I spent a lot of time and effort on it. It included 3-5 of my images and I thought it would suite the theme. One of my main strengths to help me throughout the project was using the right images I had to create a professional-looking double page spread. I had many images to choose from when creating my double page spread and I thought this gave me an advantage, I had an option. But choosing from these I encountered many problems ranging from colour, size and layout. However I overcame these by trying different styles, whilst keeping to a similar trait to the page spread I was given. Doing this right, I felt like I satisfied the needs of the audience by getting the design and layout right. I encountered some weaknesses throughout my project also. One of these weaknesses was trying to decide where to put the pictures on my double page spread. Even with the help of the other double page spread I had a completely different genre, so it was hard to decide what pictures would look good, and catch the attention of my audience. After receiving feedback from other people on what would look good on my double page spread, I ended up deciding on a good centred picture. This was a close up of a man with two faces, a metaphor. Another weakness I encountered was my main picture on my double page spread was blurry around the edges, to mend this I used Photoshop to smudge, and did the best job I could to make the edges look fairly crisp. Overall, I believe that I created a fairly good-looking double page spread. I created the layout to look interesting and also hold meaning. These helped me structure my magazine. Whilst creating my double page spread I was wary of what I had to include, trying to make every detail spotless. I believe that overall, the narrative side of my double page spread fits in well with my ‘appearance’ of the double page spread.

Thursday, September 19, 2019

Fate In Oedipus Rex :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through Sophocles’ use of foreshadowing in the play Oedipus Rex, certain truths are revealed to the reader, such as the fact that a lack of respect for fate can eventually bring on a person’s downfall, by driving them to delusion. Oedipus is looked up to by all his kingdom at the opening of the play, only to be thwarted by his own lack of intelligence-- and more by his lack of faith than even that. Oedipus, once the sanguine, yet slightly overbearing ruler of the people, is reduced to less than a sliver of a human being. When confronted by the prophet Teiresius, Oedipus feels most perplexed and even exposed. And so he rejects any possibility of validity in Teiresius’ prognostication, and, in doing this, signs his own sentence. Because of Oedipus’ failure to respect the insight of a gifted seer, he is doomed to a blind and bloody end.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As I have said before, Oedipus was first revered by all his people. His earnest patriotism for his adoptive land and people are well received by all in his kingdom. After all, he is the most â€Å"glorious Oedipus† (p.13,ln.8). Oedipus perceives himself to be a flawless champion for those surrounding him. These blind expectations that the most exalted Oedipus has for himself are the very things that lead him to put little credence in others and nearly all his faith in himself. And once he decides he is stronger than prophecy, his mad, unseeing eyes are unable to pick up the warning signs lining his road to oblivion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At one point in the play, the blind, hermaphroditic Teiresius enters to bring Oedipus’ head out of the clouds and back to earth where things are a mite different. This is one point of the play in which Oedipus is unbelievably close to finally buying into the fact that some power higher than himself could be at work-- and yet his arrogance and pride hinder him from accepting the legitimacy of fate. Oedipus finds the idea that Teiresius could know more than he simply offensive. Teiresius, sensing Oedipus’ hostility toward him, warns the king that when Oedipus berates him that â€Å"such taunts will... cast the selfsame taunts on you,†(p.126,ln.73). One would assume that Oedipus, knowing Teiresius’ reputation as a most unfailing and precise prophet would take heed in his further dealings with fate. However, in a style most befitting his character, he ignores these insights. Only when Teiresius mentions Oedipus’ parents does Oedipus listen. His interest sparked, the king cautiously asks, â€Å" What mortals gave me birth?†(p.28,ln.437). Teiresius elaborates further by stating that the king shall â€Å" At once be revealed as brother

Wednesday, September 18, 2019

Essay examples --

OBSERVATIONS/EXPERIENCES Mapro Foods Pvt. Ltd Mapro Foods is committed to its production process of various products such as fruit jams, fruit concentrates etc. with high regard for nutrition and taste. Mapro was the pioneer of fruit-based confectionery in India with its success over five decades of becoming market leader of western India in its industry. Also it has magnificently led the socio-economic progress of Gureghar region. The indigenous product: ‘Faleros’ have secured a strong position in the market. Also a glorious national flag being set-up on the company ground made the processing unit splendid. Also their shop where one can taste the product before buying it. Amul An Indian dairy co-operative based at Anand, Gujarat. Its model is of three levels which include dairy cooperative societies at the village level federated under a milk union at the district level and a federation of member unions at the state level. At the Pune unit, we saw processing and packaging of milk. Only milk and curd are the products which are dispatched from here. Also mostly women work during daytime to boost cleanliness as well as hygiene. A proper automatized plant set up where least manpower is used with optimum used of technology. Shetty Chemicals and Engineering works Pvt Ltd. Shetty Chemical & Engg works Pvt Ltd is engaged in the business of manufacturing and selling claimed and fused Alumina products like Refractories. They have gained almost 50 years’ experience in manufacturing this product of best Quality. It is company with good team but poor infrastructure as well as lack of organized way of doing work. The warehouse and the production unit being at the same place led to dumping of raw materials and finished products. The higher mana... ...s with measure of safety, quality as well as professionalism. Their wide portfolios have allowed them to be associated with leading OEM customers. FIEM has become a supplier not only in India but also in Europe and USA. The experience to visit this company showed us the professionalism prevailing in corporates as well as the technologies used in R & D department. Ethics Art and Design Bharti Khandelwal, a women entrepreneur who explained her journey of becoming successful on her seven pillars. Her ‘Can Go’ attitude and how to manage work with things available was inspiring. She being more than 4 years into this work explained how she got the privilege to work with country’s best designers, labels, corporate, & brands. Her experiential journey understandings, reason behind company’s name as well as the belief of being worker of our own business was quite perceptive.

Tuesday, September 17, 2019

Appendix a – Meditation Worksheet

Appendix A – Meditation Worksheet Veronica P. Sally-Garner PSY/211 ESSENTIALS OF PSYCHOLOGY Thursday, October 20, 2011 Instructor: Terry Browning Appendix A Meditation Worksheet Directions: Locate two resources on the Internet that explain meditation techniques. Copy and paste the web address into the top of the matrix. After reviewing the website, provide a brief summary for each source. Below your summary, list two interesting facts you learned from each site. Try the techniques you located in your Internet search. Provide a brief description of what happened in your experience. Be sure to answer the two questions below the matrix also. Web Address (URL):| http://bestmeditationtechniques. org/the-basics-of-meditation| http://www. mum. edu/meditation. html? gclid=CKOsutyS-KsCFQ1U7Aod9HlUKw| Summary of resource:| Things happen so quickly in this fast-paced world. Decisions are made without thought. This could cause stress to build and affect the way people deal with life. Everyone needs to stop and take a few minutes to calm down. So if life is stressing you out, it’s time to slow down. Meditation can help relieve stress and worries. The practice of meditation is a way to be still for a while and let our minds become focused until we become calm enough to deal with the daily pressures of life. | Mediation can mean different things to different people. Mediation can be defined in three main types: focused attention- concentration, open monitoring-contemplation, and automatic self-transcending – the Transcendental Mediation Program. Transcendental Meditation also known as TM. TM is the most widely practiced, most researched, and most effective method of self-development mediation technique. Two interestingFacts: | 1. Meditation can improve Concentration. Two commonly used exercises are: Mantra – a phrase or a sound that is recited repeatedlyBreathing – achieved by inhaling through the nose, letting the diaphragm (not the chest) expand and exhaling through the mouth 2. Breathing is an integral part of meditation. Proper breathing is required in many practices of meditation and is therefore an im portant tool to be possessed by people who wish to mediate. The practice of proper breathing while meditating slows down a person’s heart rate which leads to a relaxed mood. While this may sound easy, it can be quite challenging when done for the first time. | 1. Transcendental Meditation is the most popular technique. It is practiced by people of all ages, cultures, and religions. More than five million people worldwide practice this simple, natural technique. 2. People who practice Transcendental Meditation find themselves more alert, calmer, more energetic, dynamic, yet somehow wiser, as if you have a broader perspective on their daily activities and experiences. | What happened after you tried each technique? | After trying each technique one should feel relaxed and a sense of heighten awareness. Meditation helps the mind become less distracted. | After trying Transcendental Meditation one should have more confidence and higher self esteem. | 1. Do you think meditation leads to heightened sensation and perception? Explain why or why not. ————————————————- Mediation can lead to heightened sensation and perception. Each is different but ————————————————- complements each other. Sensation is the process by which we sense through touch, smell, ————————————————- sight, taste and smell. Perception is our way of interpreting what these sensations mean and ————————————————- how to make sense of it. 2. Have you considered integrating meditation into your own lifestyle? If so, list one strategy for fitting meditation into your schedule. If not, explain why. ————————————————- I have integrated meditation into my personal lifestyle with physical exercise. Physical ————————————————- exercise promotes overall fitness, helps manage emotional stress and relieves tension.

Monday, September 16, 2019

Culinarian Cookware Case Study Essay

To some extent, it makes sense. Culinarian takes a good advantage of utilizing push promotion for their premium cookware products. Because 55% of consumers with income over $75000 would be drawn to stores with attractive displays or informed staff to shop for cookware. In addition, 20% of them would respond to a sale and only 10% would respond to multimedia advertising. At the same time, Culinarian have sales 12 visits per year while other competitors only have 6. It also offers a higher retail margin for its products which is 52% and builds an incentive program for retail clerks. According to the above analysis, the majority of the market would respond positively to the push tactics. However, Culinarian’s pull promotions are relatively ineffective. Managers of Culinarian always focus so much on advertising expense which is higher than average, that is, 4% of sales versus 3% of premium competitors. Meanwhile, some of them ignore that price promotions are beneficial to a pull s trategy. 3. Was the 2004 promotion profitable? Calculate the profitability using Brown’s and theconsultant’s logic. How would you calculate it? According to the formula: incremental contribution impact =(actual units * actual contribution – forecast units * normal contribution) We can calculate the profitability of Brown’s: $23.76 * 184,987units – $33.36 * 59,871units = $2397994.56 The consultant’s: $10.35 * 184,987units – $19.95 * 119,504units = – $469489.35 Average contribution: | Nonpromoted| 20% promotion| Brown| $33.36=($72-$38.64)| $23.76=($62.4-$38.64)| The consultant| $19.95| $10.35| So, according to Brown’s logic, the promotion of 2004 is profitable. However, using the consultant’s logic, it can conclude that it lost profit. 4. . What are some other possible promotion strategies for Culinarian? Recommend whetherCulinarian should run a 2007 price promotion. Which promotion/terms (which products topromote, how, how much, when, how frequently, and for how long) would you suggest. Other promotion strategies: A. We can use contests as a promotion strategy for Culinarian. Because people like to win prizes, if consumers take part in those contests, it has a good opportunity to promote its brand and put its logo and name in front of the public rather than make money through a hard-sell campaign. B. Another way is to encourage current customers to refer new customers to shop Culinarian’s products, which is the referral incentive program. We can use free products, big discounts and cash rewards as the incentives you can use. It is a great promotion strategy to leverage Culinarian’s customer base. Suggestions of 2007 price promotion: The company should run a price promotion in 2007. It can promote the boxed set of cookware, because considering cookware bought as gifts would help gain more market shares. And the promotion should occur from April to July, in order to capture the majority of the wedding market. Imagine that if a person buy a 5 piece set for a wedding , and then the newly married couple may need some more items and would purchase them at full retail. This Price promotion will not cheapen the prestigious image because the cookware will still be priced in the premium cookware price range. Besides, it still should be a 20% discount for consumers who purchase on all 5 piece sets or sometimes 3 or single piece items and retailers can take a 48% margin on the items.

Sunday, September 15, 2019

Gender and Flag Question Essay

Feminists argue that gender matters because _____. Select one: a. it helps us bring some order to a chaotic world b. it structures social relations between people c. it emphasizes natural differences that exist between men and women d. there are roles for which men are each better suited and other roles for which women are better suited Question 2 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Your introductory sociology professor believes that gender roles serve a purpose in society to fulfill certain functions. What type of theoretical background is your professor espousing? Select one: a. conflict b. postmodern c. structuration d. structural functionalism Question 3 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Which of the following theories is associated with the idea that gender is a process—a product of our everyday social interactions? Select one: a. psychoanalytic theory b. conflict theory c. microinteractionist theory d. postmodern theory Question 4 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text How might a sociologist describe the difference between homosexuality and homosexual behavior? Select one: a. Homosexuality is a fixed social identity that is determined at birth, and homosexual behavior is the outward manifestation of that identity. b. Homosexuality is a lifestyle choice, whereas homosexual behavior is a choice about how to act in a particular moment and context. c. Homosexuality implies having a certain social identity, whereas homosexual behavior is a choice about a particular activity at a particular time. d. Homosexuality implies obtaining a social identity through repeated homosexual behavior Question 5 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text While policies that overtly discriminate against women have mostly been driven from the workplace, there still exist covert barriers that are often referred to as _____. Select one: a. the mommy track b. the glass ceiling c. hegemonic masculinity d. the glass escalator Question 6 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text _____ is a nearly universal system involving the subordination of femininity to masculinity. Select one: a. Patriarchy b. Sexism c. Matriarchy d. Hegemonic masculinity Question 7 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Gender studies can be said to focus on the relationship between _____. Select one: a. nature and nurture b. sex and sexuality c. men and women d. sexual preference and social environment Question 8 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements offers an essentialist explanation for gender differences? Select one: a. Women find themselves in lower paying jobs with fewer opportunities for advancement because such jobs make it easier for them to balance work and family. b. Women take on more responsibility for domestic tasks because men still think of such things as women’s work. c. There are far fewer women professors in the hard sciences because women are tracked toward the humanities and social sciences. d. Women are overrepresented in professions such as nursing, teaching, and social work because they are inherently more nurturing and caring than men. Question 9 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Women working in male-dominated professions often find that there are _____ opportunities for advancement, and men working in female-dominated professions often advance _____ their female colleagues. Select one: a. limited; more slowly than b. limited; as quickly as c. ample; as quickly as . limited; more quickly than Question 10 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text The interview with Paula England highlights the changing gender dynamics of relationships for college students. In what way have the female college students that Dr. England describes lost a level of equality with male college students? Select one : a. Women have more limited choices in dating partners. b. Women encounter a lack of reciprocal sexual pleasure. c. Women encounter reduced communication about relationships from men. d. Women are burdened with a larger share of the â€Å"emotional work† required to keep a relationship function.

Saturday, September 14, 2019

Alcohol addiction in families is the main cause of family breakups

Alcohol has in the recent past become one of the major leading drug killers in most past of the world.   Alcohol addiction refers to cases where a person feels a compulsive need to take alcohol to help his or her body system to perform its normal tasks.A person is said to be addicted to alcohol when he or she cannot contain or limit alcohol drinking and any such attempts leads to withdrawal symptoms such as shakiness, anxiety and nausea.In the past, only â€Å"hard† drugs like cocaine, mandrax and heroine were thought to be hazardous to the health of an individual. However in the recent past, tobacco, caffeine and alcohol have also been categorized as drugs. These are usually used by many individuals around the world thus meaning that most of the people in the world are exposed to drugs regularly.However, these drugs are used in moderation by a majority of these people thus reducing any forms of negative effects which arises from drug abuse. Alcohol is very addictive and a m ajor cause of different health hazards to an individual. Alcohol addiction has also been attributed as a leading cause of family breakups and divorce especially in the western countries. Family addiction to alcohol especially by the parents has dire consequences on marriage as well as the children (Dunlap, para 4).Hypothesis: Alcohol addiction in families is the main cause of family breakups, divorce and poor academic performance of children as well as drug abuse by young adults and also a leading killer in the United States as well as other parts of the world.Alcohol addiction in families and its effectsIn America for example, alcohol has been ranked the third cause of deaths with more than 100,000 people dying from alcohol related complications. It also costs the region about $ 150 billion annually which is lost through treatment of alcohol related complications, lost productivity, accidents and crime. It has also been the leading cause of the rising divorce cases in America as we ll as domestic violence.It is estimated that more than 14 million Americans struggle with drinking problem with about 8 million of these people being addicted to alcohol. While in the past alcohol was only being taken by men, this trend have changed with more women are becoming alcoholics. Alcohol is one of the most addictive drugs which have the potential of producing long term effects which could be devastating and terminal (Goodwin, pp 56).  In the recent past, the rate of alcohol related cases of divorce have increased in most parts of the world. However, since most of the addicts of alcohol start out as responsible drinkers, it has been hard to know when a person begins to be addicted to alcohol until it is sometimes too late. Alcohol addiction has been of rate among the top ten causes of divorce alongside infidelity and domestic violence.Alcoholism and alcohol addiction is one of the most cited reasons while filing for divorce cases in the United States as well as other coun tries around the world. Spouses who have lived long enough with alcohol addicts find it hard to continue supporting them especially due to the addictive nature of alcohol and the subsequent withdrawal symptoms which follow in attempts to stop alcohol consumption (Brian, para 4).Another effect of family alcohol addiction is that it leads to loss of livelihood of the addicted individual which usually leads to adverse effects on the family especially if the addicted person is the breadwinner. Usually, people who become addicted to alcohol find it difficult to live without it and in turn end up drinking even when working.Alcohol has been known to be a brain damager and excess consumption of the same lowers productivity of an individual hence job loss. Most of the parents who become addicted to alcohol end up losing their jobs which is devastating to the family and more so the children who lack basic necessities. Even after job loss, an addicted person continues to drink for the simple r eason that he or she cannot live without alcohol which only adds to the misery and disintegration of families.Also, the frustration and shame which comes with being unable to support a family drives a person to chronic consumption of alcohol which may lead to health complications or even at times death. This has far reaching psychological effects to the dependants of such a person. Also, a person who is addicted to alcohol becomes dependent on other family members thus increasing the family burden (Cleveland Clinic, para 2-3).Children who are reared by alcohol addicted parents are also not spared as they tend to engage in drug abuse or criminal activities to fill the void of their parents or guardians. Researches have revealed that most of the children in the rehabilitation centers have had a parent who engaged in and was addicted to alcohol.This is especially the case when both of the parents are addicted to alcohol. In such situations, children only find consolation in drug abuse as the parents are unavailable for them. With an attempt to escape the reality, children may also turn to alcohol or even other hard drugs like cocaine or heroine. The lives of such children end up being ruined just because of their parents’ addiction to alcoholism (Brian, para 6).Family addiction to alcohol is also a major contribution toward academic failure of many children. Alcohol addiction mostly of parents and other close family members affects the psychological development of an individual as well as the concentration capability.Alcohol addicts at times tend to be violent and unruly towards their family members including the children. This is in turn reflected in the academic performance of such children which is usually below the standard. Also, the social life of the children is negatively impacted by alcohol addiction in families.Children who hail from families with some members who are addicted to alcohol tend to be anti social and uncooperative. Psychologist argu e that this scenario is caused by the shame and frustration such children are put through by their alcohol addicted parents or siblings. They thus fear to associate as they feel that the other people may disown them or even discriminate them (Segal, Gerdes & Steiner, pp 235).Family alcohol addiction has been identified as a leading factor to domestic violence and other domestic related crimes like murder. Due to anger and frustration that most alcohol addicts go through especially after a divorce or loss of job, they tend to be aggressive and violent towards the other family members as a means of vetting out their frustrations. Most alcohol addicts also tend to live in denial and they blame their partners or at times the children for their failures.Most alcohol addicts also blame the family members as being the cause of their drinking habits. As they vet out their anger, they tend to be violent and may even commit murder leading to their subsequent incarceration. This leads to doubl e tragedy especially where parents either both or one are victims of alcohol addiction. Alcohol addiction is very costly to the family members as well as friends.In a recent study which was carried out in the United States, it showed that one child out to four children and this is approximately 28.6% is exposed to family alcohol dependence or alcohol abuse. There are many documented cases which correlate alcohol addiction and interpersonal violence (Adams, para 4).

Friday, September 13, 2019

Answering questions from the article Questions number 5 and 6 only

Answering questions from the Questions number 5 and 6 only - Article Example Therefore, every worker entered the details of his or her completed order, making them responsible for their actions. Mark distributed a detailed activity sheet specifying how tasks should be structured throughout the day. In addition, he indicated and how much time each task should task. He felt that this would provide more control over the workers and improve their productivity as well as efficiency. In addition, he announced that all future calls from the customers were to be forwarded directly. Specifically, this is because he felt it was inappropriate for employees to take up this role. In turn, this would increase his control over the workers. Mark posted a goal sheet on the break room door listing each employees name and the goal mark for each day to motivate them. He would then display the number of orders completed and compare it to the pre-set goal to gauge their performance against their co-workers. He felt that this would improve their efficiency through competition and predictability of their performance. He ensured the orders were provided, on time, to improve reliability as he often arrives late. He gave new directions that he would enter the shipping data and, therefore, ordered all workers to place their completed shipping orders in the bin provided outside his office. The lack of adequate information about the workers influenced his decision. Therefore, he felt that the employee would take advantage of the situation and use the computer for â€Å"inappropriate† things. Notably, this would reduce their efficiency and company

Thursday, September 12, 2019

The dangers that police officers face in rural areas due to the lack Research Paper

The dangers that police officers face in rural areas due to the lack of back up or riding partners - Research Paper Example The personal safety and security of a rural police officer is a cause of stress to the police fraternity, as they are faced with isolation that poses great danger. The back- up required by an urban police officer is met with, almost instantly. Whenever the need arises, the urban police officer is assured of back-up within minutes. The same is not in the case of their rural counterparts because at most times there is the danger that relief comes when it is too late. In most cases it sometimes takes more than an hour to get help from back-up forces. This leads to stress on the part of the rural police officer even when they have to handle seemingly easy cases of domestic violence or auto crashes. A good example of this was an incident that took place on March 31st 1989, where help did not arrive in time and Maine State Police Detective Giles Landry was shot and killed after he responded to a call regarding a domestic dispute in a secluded spot in a rural area. When inspector Landry arrived at the scene of the crime, the suspects girlfriend made a beeline to the passenger seat of the detective’s patrol car, giving the suspect reason to believe that Detective Landry was indeed her lover because he was in an unmarked police car and moreover alone. The suspect had slowly approached the vehicle from the rear- end and shot at Landry twice through the window at the back, with a Ruger .44 caliber rifle, hitting Detective Giles Landry in the head, putting an end to him instantly. Immediately after this, the suspect shot at his girlfriend killing her on the spot and soon after that committed suicide himself. The detective officer had left behind a wife and their two children. There are countless such cases taking place especially in the rural areas, where unsuspecting police personnel are at the mercy of dangerous criminals. Such a dangerous situation could have been averted had the officer

Respiration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Respiration - Essay Example Therefore, aerobic respiration only occurs when oxygen is present. The main food product that is utilized in this process is glucose. When glucose is oxidized, there is a production of energy, carbon dioxide, and water. The released energy is the form of Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP). The process of aerobic respiration can be summarized using the equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) (Starr & McMillan 2012, p56). There are three main stages through which aerobic respiration takes place; Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. This process of aerobic respiration occurs in cytosol part of the cell. During this process, glucose is oxidized partially and broken down into pyruvate, which is a 3 carbon molecule. Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules. Each NADH molecule is responsible for carrying 2 energy electrons, which are later used by the cell (Starr & McMillan 2012, p56). This can be regarded as the second stage in aerobic respiration whereby the pyruvate molecule is processed to produce energy that is later stored between the bonds that hold the pyruvate molecule. The synthesized energy is released in the form of ATP (Starr & McMillan 2012, p.57). This is the last stage in aerobic respiration. This process is responsible for releasing the energy synthesized during glycolysis and krebs cycle. The electron transport chain comprises of a network of electron carrying protein located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. It is in this stage where electrons and protons are added to oxygen to produce water. Production of ATP occurs when protons move across the cell membrane, a process referred to as chemiosis (Starr & McMillan 2012, p57). In times of strenuous exercises, there is consumption of high levels of energy, which implies that excess of ATP is needed. When there is insufficient oxygen the body respires

Wednesday, September 11, 2019

University registration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

University registration - Essay Example I have always maintained the virtues of open mindedness, enthusiasm and liveliness to achieve this objective (Stewart, 2009). I intend to improve my understanding of language with the intention of improving my suitability in the academic and economic field. I believe that pursuing additional education will place me at a suitable pedestal to improve my career and contribute to the growth of the society. Additionally, I intend to conduct research on the challenges within the education field that touch on literature and the probable control measures. Indeed, developing new theoretical foundations attributable on literature encourages me to pursue the educational process. I have particularly focused on European poetry and the philosophies of charity while studying. It is fundamental to acknowledge that European poetry has provided opportunities to study the historical chronology and drama of ancient Europe. I did realize that the French literature should not be divorced from history because it exemplifies societal events. I took the initiative to trace and explore the genesis and ways of the ancient Europe about the French literature. I have visited various charity organizations that are affiliated to Europe and Africa to study and familiarize myself with the role of language when dispensing charity (Stewart, 2009). I appreciate that I can correspond and interact with people drawn from diverse backgrounds and cultures. This is attributable to my knowledge of English and Arabic languages. Through this, I get the opportunity to learn about their political, social, literary and historical differences. Work processes have proved challenging though they empower me with diversity skills and allow me to comprehend diverse processes. I am looking forward to visiting several regions and interacting with diverse persons to strengthen my grasp of Arabic (Stewart, 2009). My role in several organizations has been instrumental in improving my communication skills

Tuesday, September 10, 2019

Health Care in United States Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health Care in United States - Term Paper Example United States of America and Italy are two very different countries; the major differences are in culture of the people living in these countries. There are major differences in how doctors in these countries deal with pain management. The process of child birth is the most beautiful process and thoroughly enjoyed and cherished for the parents. Every precious thing comes at a hefty price, the hefty price is the pain suffered by the mother in this whole process. The mother undergoes the experience of tremendous pain in this whole process of giving birth. This paper is going to examine the methods adopted by the doctors to handle the pain which is suffered during the whole process. These methods will be examined as they are carried out in two countries namely, methods in Italy and methods in United States of America. "Peridural anesthesia is an effective technique for providing analgesia during labor and delivery. The fact that it is not at all widely used in Italy can be ascribed to the lack of technical knowledge among health-care providers and the lack of information available to pregnant women." (Epidural Analgesia, 29 November 2008). Peridural anesthesia's main function is to reduce the pain which occurs during childbirth, in order to perform surgeries the doctors inject Peridural anesthesia in the spinal column with the help of a needle or a tube in a patient. The same reduces the pain significantly and it is used in many countries. "Epidural anesthesia is an attractive alternative to general anesthesia for a person who has medical complications that might make it difficult to tolerate or recover from general anesthesia." (Epidural Anesthesia) Italy is an exceptional country and does not follow the technique of regional anesthesia during childbirth and the method is almost obscure in the southern parts of the country. Most of the surgeons in Italy consider general option over regional anesthesia, they firmly believe in the notion that general anesthesia is relatively much safer than regional anesthesia. It is believed by many surgeons in Italy who handle the case of childbirth that the use epidural anesthesia gives rise to neurological complications. This perception of the surgeons in Italy is challenged by many, "According to Koll (1) out of 1541 reports of injury following anesthesia, more than half of the 227 cases of neurological damage were related to general anesthesia. In another survey conducted by INSERM (France), 19 accidents (6 of which were fatal) were reported, accounting for 0.43% of 4430 administrations of spinal anesthesia. In this last survey approximately 70% of the patients were elderly and therefore, pr esented a higher risk of complications. A survey in our hospital reveals 2 non-fatal accidents related to 6690 administrations of spinal anesthesia. Therefore, the rate of complications for spinal anesthesia in our hospital is 0.02%. These data show that the number of serious complications related to spinal techniques is not higher than that of general anesthesia." (Epidural Analgesia). There are various risks involved in the use of Peridural anesthesia, when anesthesia is used on a patient who has never been examined before, the anesthetic risk in that particular case rises to alarming high levels on the contrary it is found that the

Monday, September 9, 2019

Residual RFIDs - are these a threat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Residual RFIDs - are these a threat - Essay Example This information has adverse threats on the person that buy the products containing these tags because the information can be used to cause harm to them when it lands in wrong hands (Cazier, Wilson and Medlin 2007). Some of these threats are outlined below. The RFID tags can be used by non-authorized personnel to track and retrieve personal information of people without their knowledge using objects containing these tags. The assessment of their belonging may lead to access to these belongings without the consent of the owner (Spiekermann and Ziekow 2005). The use of mining of data can help acquire information from RFID tags. This information can be used to retrieve and identify the social links that exist between people. This information can be used by security agents to track criminals, but it can also be used by criminal to cause harm to the people (Spiekermann and Ziekow 2005). RFID tags can also cause technology paternalism. This is the fear in people who have objects that contain these tags over the lack of control of machines’ action that cannot be overridden. This can cause punishment to owners of these objects thus intruding on the peoples live. RFID residual tags have their benefits, but the presence of threats on the lives of consumers cannot be overruled. Addressing these threats will ensure that consumers are comfortable buying products containing these tags (Gao, Xiang,Wang, Shen, Huang and Song 2004). Gao, X., Z. Xiang, H. Wang, J. Shen, J. Huang, and S. Song. (2004). â€Å"An Approach to Security and Privacy of RFID System for Supply Chain,† Proceedings of the Conference on IEEE International, September 2004, pp.

Sunday, September 8, 2019

BUSINESS LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

BUSINESS LAW - Essay Example Certainly, this includes looking for alternative markets in an event that the Chinese companies do not change from their pollution behaviours (economic sanction). Last but importantly, they can commit the Chinese firms to sustain and rehabilitate the river polluted through the legal system. The cash stripped JZ Holdings has an ethical responsibility to ensure that all things passing through their studios are of moral sound. On the other hand, they need all resources within their reach hence producing the irrational song â€Å"cop Killer† through JZ studios. Certainly, the song is likely to attract attention from the authorities eliciting even more problems that the cash deficit. Despite high expectations and the desire to retain reputation, more consequences are bound to knock at JZ holdings. Therefore, in resolving the scenario JZ Holding through its subsidiary studios should renounce the song recorded by Ice-T. In as much as the decision may dwindle future profits or subject the business reputation into question, the ethical responsibility in the song is likely to cause more harm (Ferrell, Fraedrich, and Linda 86). Lawsuits are part of civil disputes intended to resolve differences resulting into property or financial loss. In Mike’s case, the law suit will take place in either a state trial or federal district court. Federal jurisprudence gives districts courts the jurisdiction to hear and decide on civil and criminal matters. The exclusive roles and level in the court system makes the appropriate for listening and deciding appropriately. Additionally, the fact that the courts can listen to all categories of cases makes them the most appropriate for Mike’s case. Arguably, state trial court also forms a good platform for Mike’s claim because of the jurisdiction. Despite the limited jurisdiction, the court can listen to small claim cases and civil cases characterised by limited controversy. Furthermore, it has simplified

Saturday, September 7, 2019

Human resouces management is nothing more than personal management Essay

Human resouces management is nothing more than personal management with a new label, Critically evaluate this statement - Essay Example Consequently, the concept of labor power that was sold by human beings had to be effectively organized. Hence, owner of firms and organizations began adapting to the world of management through the use of personnel management that had the sole responsibility of hiring and firing employees. Actually, employees welfare demand grew by the day, the world of management grew simultaneously to the extent that the personnel management could not accommodate the increasing demand for employees’ welfare and as such, most organizations and firms began replacing personnel management (PM) with human resource management (HRM). Apparently, the term human resource management has been used across the world for approximately a century. According to Soni (2013) the emergence of Human resource management (HRM) is believed to have started in England in the early 18th century when the west was experiencing the apprenticeship and craftsmen era. Moreover, the emergence of HRM was also significantly associated with the arrival of the industrial revolution. As the 19th century begun, a philosopher by the name Taylor argued that it was necessary to combine scientific management and industrial workers psychology, and further introduce the two concepts in the business world. In light of this, the philosopher further articulated that it was imperative for workers to be managed not only for the purpose of making work to be efficient, but also ensuring that the workers were psychologically fit to hold the title of being employees. Similarly, the drastic changes that were being witnessed especially in technology, growth of various organizations and the rise of different unions greatly facilitated the development of personnel departments that were run by welfare secretaries soon after the beginning of the 19th Century. Importantly, the effective management of human resource in any organization is to ensure that competitive advantage is gained in the marketplace.

Friday, September 6, 2019

Blackadder Goodbyeee Essay Example for Free

Blackadder Goodbyeee Essay Blackadder is a four series BBC1 sitcom that was created in 1983 by Richard Curties and Ben Elton. It attempt to explain Bristish history in a period from 1485 to 1917 in a comedic way. Blackadder Goes Forth has an lampoon approach to the World War I which was an dread event. This lampoon approaching is particularly success in the last episode, Goodbyee, which tells the story of five main character, Captain Edmund Blackadder (Rowan Atkinson), Private S. Baldrick (Tony Robinson), Genereal Sir Anthony Hogmanay Melchett (Stephen Fry), Lieutenant The Honourable George Colthurst St. Barleigh ( Hugh Laurie) and Captain Kevin Darling (Tim McInnerny). Each of them had their own reaction and feeling in respond to the last push. The fear, the anxiety, and desire not to be dead were described in a comedy way. It is said that when the situation is far worse to cry, laugh to it. It means there is no word can describe the horror of that situation. The episode Goodbyee chose that approach to tell the real story of soldiers, hero and casualty, in World War I. Eventhough the laugh, silly questions, cunning plan, and funny event happen throughout the movie, there is nothing real fun. All the reaction is their respond out of depression as the last attempt to avoid the dead. Blending comedy with tragedy, Goodbyeee definitely makes the audience feel the horror of the war, the meaningless and the cost of it. World War I or Great War was a major war took place in Europe from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918 between two opposite alliances: the Allies (United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Power (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italia). Triggered by the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir of the throne, the war began. The Austro-Hungarian invaded Serbia, the German invaded Belgium, Luxembourg and France, and the Russian attacked Germany. The Western Front settled into a static battle with a trench line that changed little until 1917. After United Sates entered the trench and the Allies drove back the German armies in a series of successful offensive, Germany agreed to a cease fire on 11 November 1918, marked the end of the Great War. This four years war cost about 70 million military personnel mobilized and more than 9 million combatants killed. â€Å"World War I†, Wikipedia) Goodbyeee tell the true story about the soldier in the Western Front. All of their reaction, feeling and ideas about the war are shown in their last minutes before the big push. Eventhough they were professional soldiers, they were still afraid of a battle. Captain Blackadder (Atkinson) pretended to go mad by putting an underwear on his head and putting stick up his nose, in order to be sent back but it did not work out. General Melchett (Fry) gave Captain Darling (McInnerny) the frontline commission honor- the honor of being dead. Afraid of being dead,Captain Darling kneeled and pleaded General Melchett (Fry) to change his mind but unsuccessful. Eventhough the fear of Captain Darling was so obvious; General Melchett intentionally misinterpreted the pleading. Regardless the leader’ responsibility and role-mole, all of them were trying to find a way to escape the dead. They did not feel ashamed when pretending to be mad in the cunning plan in front of their soldier or shoving the honor of dead in the front line to other people. They did not feel humiliated when pleading and kneeling. They even pretended to misunderstand the obviously begging. They ran away from their responsibility. That never have been expected to do as a soldier who could die for their country. The laugh added, the calm voice and the funny faces of actors make the viewer the humor of the situation. However, beneath the humor is the raw fear that can not be easily uncovered. The raw fear was not easily uncovered, but the lost would be. All of George’s friends were dead, simply and normally. However, looking at the way their dead were described â€Å"Sticky had been out for a duck†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Goodbyee, DVD), there were anything but normal. The news of their dead was not told directly to avoid the feeling of lost. This mean the lost were so horrible that it needed to be avoided. Obviously, as George said, â€Å"I suppose I’m the only one of the Trinity Tiddlers still alive. † (â€Å"Goodbyeee†, DVD), the number of lost were so high. This scene of the movie has another interesting but sorrowful approach: the lost counted by the number of soldiers who were still alive rather than who had been dead. The fear was so visible and the lost were horrible. That leads the question of Private Baldrick (Robinson),â€Å"How did the war start? (â€Å"Goodbyee†, DVD). Even the soldiers who were responsible for protecting the country did understand the reason of the war. Even the Captain could not give the fully and correctly answer. The scrambling of words in question and explanation were attempted to avoid the real truth behind it. There were no clear reasons for the war. There were blind soldiers who would die without knowing why. That is the real horror of the war that the movie makes: people may felt fear, tried to avoid the dead, lost the pride as a soldier without understanding why. Good bye is the obviously comedy. However, beneath all the humor is the sorrowful truth about the war: fear, death and the meaningless of the war. Fear was hidden under mindless activities for exclusion from war. Death and the meaningless of the war were avoided by scrambling words. Laughing at the humor in the movies to hide the tears bursting out when the final truth had been recovered in the last minutes before the big push â€Å" I’m scared, sir. † , said Goerge, â€Å"I’m scared too, sir†, said Baldrick. (â€Å"Goodbyeee†, DVD).